English

One and Many (Singular and Plural)

Class 2

🎯 Learning Objectives

Students will understand the meaning of singular (one) and plural (more than one).
Students will learn to add -s and -es to make plurals.
Students will learn some special plural words (irregular plurals).
Students will use singular and plural words in sentences.

📖 Let Us Begin!

Ravi has one book. Meena has three books. One book — that is singular. Three books — that is plural. When we talk about one thing, we use the singular form. When we talk about more than one thing, we use the plural form. Let us learn how to change singular words to plural words!

Singular and Plural

Singular means ONE. Example: one cat, one book, one mango.

Plural means MORE THAN ONE. Example: two cats, many books, five mangoes.

Remember: Singular = one. Plural = more than one. It is that simple!

Rule 1: Add -s

For most words, we just add -s to make the plural.

Singular (one)	Plural (many)
book	books
ball	balls
cat	cats
pen	pens
tree	trees
dog	dogs
chair	chairs
bird	birds

Rule 2: Add -es

For words ending in -s, -sh, -ch, -x, -o, we add -es.

Singular (one)	Plural (many)
bus	buses
dish	dishes
bench	benches
box	boxes
mango	mangoes
potato	potatoes
tomato	tomatoes
glass	glasses

Rule 3: Words ending in -y

If a word ends in a consonant + y, change the y to i and add -es.

Singular (one)	Plural (many)
baby	babies
story	stories
fly	flies
lady	ladies
city	cities

But if the word ends in a vowel + y, just add -s: boy → boys, toy → toys, key → keys.

Special Plurals (Irregular)

Some words change completely in the plural form. We must learn these by heart!

Singular (one)	Plural (many)
child	children
mouse	mice
tooth	teeth
foot	feet
man	men
woman	women
goose	geese
ox	oxen

Singular and Plural in Sentences

Singular: "Ravi has one pen." → Plural: "Meena has five pens."

Singular: "There is one bus." → Plural: "There are many buses."

Singular: "One child is playing." → Plural: "Many children are playing."

Singular: "I have one tooth missing." → Plural: "I brush my teeth every day."

📝 Key Words

Word	Meaning
Singular	One — only one person, place, animal, or thing
Plural	More than one
-s rule	Add -s to most words to make them plural
-es rule	Add -es to words ending in s, sh, ch, x, o
Irregular plural	A plural that does not follow the normal rules

⭐ Key Points to Remember

Singular means one. Plural means more than one.
Add -s to most words: book → books, cat → cats.
Add -es to words ending in s, sh, ch, x, o: bus → buses, box → boxes.
Words ending in consonant + y: change y to i and add -es: baby → babies.
Words ending in vowel + y: just add -s: boy → boys.
Some words change completely: child → children, tooth → teeth, mouse → mice.
Always check the ending of the word before adding -s or -es.

✏️ Practice Questions

A. Fill in the Blanks

1. Singular means and plural means more than .

2. The plural of "book" is .

3. The plural of "bus" is .

4. The plural of "child" is .

5. The plural of "baby" is .

B. Multiple Choice Questions

1. What is the plural of "box"?

(a) boxs(b) boxes(c) boxies(d) box

2. What is the plural of "mouse"?

(a) mouses(b) mousies(c) mice(d) mouse

3. Which word is already plural?

(a) cat(b) children(c) book(d) mango

4. What is the plural of "story"?

(a) storys(b) storyes(c) stories(d) storyies

5. What is the plural of "tooth"?

(a) tooths(b) toothes(c) teeths(d) teeth

C. Short Answer Questions

1. Write the plural of: pen, dish, foot, woman.

2. Write a sentence using the plural word "mangoes".

3. Write two words that use the -es rule to make their plural.

4. Write the plural of: fly, city, toy.

5. Write a sentence using the word "children".

D. True or False

1. "Books" is the plural of "book".

2. We add -es to all words to make them plural.

3. "Mice" is the plural of "mouse".

4. The plural of "boy" is "boies".

5. "Feet" is the plural of "foot".

E. Match the Following

Singular	Plural
1. child	a. teeth
2. box	b. women
3. tooth	c. children
4. woman	d. stories
5. story	e. boxes

🎨 Fun Activity — One and Many

Write the plural form of each word. Then draw a circle around the words that use the -es rule.

Singular	Plural	Singular	Plural
ball		bench
tree		dish
man		potato
foot		pen
baby		glass

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🎯 Learning Objectives

Students will understand the meaning of singular (one) and plural (more than one).
Students will learn to add -s and -es to make plurals.
Students will learn some special plural words (irregular plurals).
Students will use singular and plural words in sentences.

📖 Let Us Begin!

Singular and Plural

Singular means ONE. Example: one cat, one book, one mango.

Plural means MORE THAN ONE. Example: two cats, many books, five mangoes.

Remember: Singular = one. Plural = more than one. It is that simple!

Rule 1: Add -s (for most words)

Singular	Plural	Singular	Plural
book	books	pen	pens
ball	balls	tree	trees
cat	cats	dog	dogs
chair	chairs	bird	birds

Rule 2: Add -es (for words ending in s, sh, ch, x, o)

Singular	Plural	Singular	Plural
bus	buses	bench	benches
dish	dishes	box	boxes
mango	mangoes	potato	potatoes
tomato	tomatoes	glass	glasses

Rule 3: Words ending in -y

Consonant + y → change y to i, add -es: baby → babies, story → stories, fly → flies.

Vowel + y → just add -s: boy → boys, toy → toys, key → keys.

Special Plurals (learn by heart!)

Singular	Plural	Singular	Plural
child	children	foot	feet
mouse	mice	man	men
tooth	teeth	woman	women
goose	geese	ox	oxen

Singular and Plural in Sentences

Singular: "Ravi has one pen." → Plural: "Meena has five pens."

Singular: "There is one bus." → Plural: "There are many buses."

Singular: "One child is playing." → Plural: "Many children are playing."

Singular: "I have one tooth missing." → Plural: "I brush my teeth every day."

📝 Key Words

Word	Meaning
Singular	One — only one person, place, animal, or thing
Plural	More than one
-s rule	Add -s to most words to make them plural
-es rule	Add -es to words ending in s, sh, ch, x, o
Irregular plural	A plural that does not follow the normal rules

⭐ Key Points to Remember

Singular means one. Plural means more than one.
Add -s to most words: book → books, cat → cats.
Add -es to words ending in s, sh, ch, x, o: bus → buses, box → boxes.
Words ending in consonant + y: change y to i and add -es: baby → babies.
Words ending in vowel + y: just add -s: boy → boys.
Some words change completely: child → children, tooth → teeth, mouse → mice.
Always check the ending of the word before adding -s or -es.

✏️ Practice Questions

A. Fill in the Blanks

1. Singular means and plural means more than .

2. The plural of "book" is .

3. The plural of "bus" is .

4. The plural of "child" is .

5. The plural of "baby" is .

B. Multiple Choice Questions

1. What is the plural of "box"?

(a) boxs(b) boxes(c) boxies(d) box

2. What is the plural of "mouse"?

(a) mouses(b) mousies(c) mice(d) mouse

3. Which word is already plural?

(a) cat(b) children(c) book(d) mango

4. What is the plural of "story"?

(a) storys(b) storyes(c) stories(d) storyies

5. What is the plural of "tooth"?

(a) tooths(b) toothes(c) teeths(d) teeth

C. Short Answer Questions

1. Write the plural of: pen, dish, foot, woman.

2. Write a sentence using the plural word "mangoes".

3. Write two words that use the -es rule to make their plural.

4. Write the plural of: fly, city, toy.

5. Write a sentence using the word "children".

D. True or False

1. "Books" is the plural of "book".

2. We add -es to all words to make them plural.

3. "Mice" is the plural of "mouse".

4. The plural of "boy" is "boies".

5. "Feet" is the plural of "foot".

E. Match the Following

Singular	Plural
1. child	a. teeth
2. box	b. women
3. tooth	c. children
4. woman	d. stories
5. story	e. boxes

🎨 Fun Activity — One and Many

Write the plural form of each word. Then draw a circle around the words that use the -es rule.

Singular	Plural	Singular	Plural
ball		bench
tree		dish
man		potato
foot		pen
baby		glass

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One and Many (Singular and Plural)

🎯 Learning Objectives

📖 Let Us Begin!

Singular and Plural

Rule 1: Add -s

Rule 2: Add -es

Rule 3: Words ending in -y

Special Plurals (Irregular)

Singular and Plural in Sentences

📝 Key Words

✏️ Practice Questions

One and Many (Singular and Plural)

One and Many (continued)

One and Many (continued)