Maths

Patterns

Class 2

🎯 Learning Objectives

📖 Let Us Begin!

Look at a saree border or a rangoli design. You will see the same design repeating again and again. That is a pattern! Patterns are all around us — in nature (petals of a flower), in art (mehndi designs), and in numbers. When something repeats in the same order, it makes a pattern. Let us learn to find, extend, and create patterns.

Different types of patterns - shapes, colours, and numbers

What is a Pattern?

A pattern is something that repeats in the same order. The part that repeats is called the core of the pattern.

Example: 🔴🔵🔴🔵🔴🔵 — The core is "Red, Blue". It repeats 3 times.
Example: Clap, Clap, Stomp, Clap, Clap, Stomp — The core is "Clap, Clap, Stomp".

Shape Patterns

In a shape pattern, shapes repeat in the same order.

Example 1: ○ □ ○ □ ○ □ ... → Core: Circle, Square. Next: Circle
Example 2: △ △ ○ △ △ ○ △ △ ... → Core: Triangle, Triangle, Circle. Next: Circle
Example 3: □ △ ○ □ △ ○ □ ... → Core: Square, Triangle, Circle. Next: Triangle, Circle
Tip: To find the core, look for the part that keeps repeating. Cover it with your finger and see if the rest matches!

Colour Patterns

In a colour pattern, colours repeat in the same order.

Example 1: Red, Blue, Red, Blue, Red, Blue → Core: Red, Blue
Example 2: Green, Green, Yellow, Green, Green, Yellow → Core: Green, Green, Yellow
Example 3: Orange, White, Green, Orange, White, Green → Core: Orange, White, Green (like our flag! 🇮🇳)

Number Patterns

In a number pattern, numbers change by the same amount each time. This is called the rule.

Example 1: 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 → Rule: Add 2 each time
Example 2: 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 → Rule: Add 5 each time
Example 3: 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11 → Rule: Add 2 each time (odd numbers!)
Example 4: 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 → Rule: Add 10 each time
Example 5: 3, 6, 9, 12, 15 → Rule: Add 3 each time

Growing and Shrinking Patterns

Growing pattern: 1, 2, 4, 7, 11 → The amount added increases: +1, +2, +3, +4
Shrinking pattern: 20, 18, 16, 14, 12 → Rule: Subtract 2 each time
Real life: Meena saves ₹5 more each week: Week 1 = ₹5, Week 2 = ₹10, Week 3 = ₹15...

Patterns in Daily Life

Rangoli: Designs repeat in beautiful patterns during Diwali.
Music: Dhol beats follow a pattern — dhum, dhum, ta, dhum, dhum, ta...
Nature: Day, Night, Day, Night — a pattern that never stops!
Saree border: The same design repeats along the edge.
Cricket: Over pattern — 6 balls, then change ends. Repeat!

📝 Key Words

WordMeaning
PatternSomething that repeats in the same order
RepeatingHappening again and again in the same way
RuleThe way numbers change in a pattern (e.g., add 2)
CoreThe part of the pattern that repeats
ExtendTo continue a pattern by adding more
Growing patternA pattern where numbers get bigger
⭐ Key Points to Remember

✏️ Practice Questions

A. Fill in the Blanks (10)
1. Circle, Square, Circle, Square, , Square.
2. 2, 4, 6, 8, , 12.
3. 5, 10, 15, , 25.
4. Triangle, Circle, Triangle, Circle, Triangle, .
5. 1, 3, 5, 7, , 11.
6. Red, Blue, Green, Red, Blue, .
7. 10, 20, 30, , 50.
8. 3, 6, 9, 12, , 18.
9. The part of a pattern that repeats is called the .
10. 20, 18, 16, 14, . (Rule: subtract )
B. Choose the Correct Answer (MCQ - 5)
1. What comes next? A, B, A, B, A, ___
a) Ab) Bc) C
2. What is the rule for: 10, 20, 30, 40?
a) Add 5b) Add 10c) Add 2
3. What comes next? 3, 6, 9, 12, ___
a) 13b) 14c) 15
4. What is the core of: ○ □ △ ○ □ △ ○ □ △?
a) ○ □b) ○ □ △c) □ △
5. What comes next? 15, 13, 11, 9, ___
a) 8b) 7c) 6
C. Short Answer (5)
1. Write the rule for this pattern: 5, 10, 15, 20, 25.
2. Create your own shape pattern using two shapes. Write it out (at least 8 items).
3. Extend this pattern by 3 more: 4, 8, 12, 16, ___, ___, ___.
4. What is the core of this pattern: Red, Green, Red, Green, Red, Green?
5. Give one example of a pattern you see in daily life.
D. True or False (5)
1. A pattern always repeats in the same order.
2. 2, 5, 8, 11 is a pattern with rule "add 2".
3. The core of Red, Blue, Red, Blue is "Red, Blue".
4. Number patterns can only go up (increase).
5. A rangoli design has patterns.
E. Match the Following (5)
PatternRule
1. 2, 4, 6, 8, 10a) Add 5
2. 5, 10, 15, 20b) Add 3
3. 3, 6, 9, 12c) Add 2
4. 10, 20, 30, 40d) Subtract 2
5. 20, 18, 16, 14e) Add 10
🎨 Activity: Make Your Own Pattern

Use beads, buttons, or draw shapes on paper. Make a repeating pattern using at least 3 different things (e.g., star, heart, circle). Show your pattern to a friend and ask them to find the core and extend it by 4 more. Then make a number pattern starting from any number!

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Mathematics

Patterns

Class 2 | CBSE / NCERT / ICSE
Name: Class: Date:
Learning Objectives
Let Us Begin!

Look at a saree border or a rangoli design. The same design repeats again and again. That is a pattern! Patterns are everywhere — in nature, art, and numbers. When something repeats in the same order, it makes a pattern. The part that repeats is called the core.

Patterns illustration
Shape Patterns
Example 1: ○ □ ○ □ ○ □ → Core: Circle, Square. Next: Circle
Example 2: △ △ ○ △ △ ○ → Core: Triangle, Triangle, Circle. Next: Triangle
Example 3: □ △ ○ □ △ ○ → Core: Square, Triangle, Circle. Next: Square
Colour Patterns
Example 1: Red, Blue, Red, Blue → Core: Red, Blue
Example 2: Orange, White, Green, Orange, White, Green → Core: Orange, White, Green (like our flag! 🇮🇳)
Number Patterns
Add 2: 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12   Add 5: 5, 10, 15, 20, 25
Add 3: 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18   Add 10: 10, 20, 30, 40, 50
Subtract 2: 20, 18, 16, 14, 12 (shrinking pattern)
Patterns in Daily Life
Rangoli designs, saree borders, mehndi, music beats (dhum, dhum, ta...), Day-Night cycle, cricket overs (6 balls, change ends)
⭐ Key Points to Remember
  • A pattern repeats in the same order.
  • The "core" is the repeating part.
  • Patterns can use shapes, colours, or numbers.
  • To extend: find the rule and keep going.
  • Number patterns add or subtract the same number each time.
  • Patterns are in rangoli, music, nature, and cricket!
A. Fill in the Blanks (10)
1. Circle, Square, Circle, Square, , Square.
2. 2, 4, 6, 8, , 12.
3. 5, 10, 15, , 25.
4. Triangle, Circle, Triangle, Circle, Triangle, .
5. 1, 3, 5, 7, , 11.
6. Red, Blue, Green, Red, Blue, .
7. 10, 20, 30, , 50.
8. 3, 6, 9, 12, , 18.
9. The part of a pattern that repeats is called the .
10. 20, 18, 16, 14, . (Rule: subtract )
B. Choose the Correct Answer (MCQ - 5)
1. What comes next? A, B, A, B, A, ___
a) Ab) Bc) C
2. What is the rule for: 10, 20, 30, 40?
a) Add 5b) Add 10c) Add 2
3. What comes next? 3, 6, 9, 12, ___
a) 13b) 14c) 15
4. What is the core of: ○ □ △ ○ □ △ ○ □ △?
a) ○ □b) ○ □ △c) □ △
5. What comes next? 15, 13, 11, 9, ___
a) 8b) 7c) 6
C. Short Answer (5)
1. Write the rule for: 5, 10, 15, 20, 25.
2. Create your own shape pattern using two shapes (at least 8 items).
3. Extend: 4, 8, 12, 16, ___, ___, ___.
4. What is the core of: Red, Green, Red, Green, Red, Green?
5. Give one example of a pattern you see in daily life.
D. True or False (5)
1. A pattern always repeats in the same order.
2. 2, 5, 8, 11 is a pattern with rule "add 2".
3. The core of Red, Blue, Red, Blue is "Red, Blue".
4. Number patterns can only go up (increase).
5. A rangoli design has patterns.
E. Match the Following (5)
PatternRule
1. 2, 4, 6, 8, 10a) Add 5
2. 5, 10, 15, 20b) Add 3
3. 3, 6, 9, 12c) Add 2
4. 10, 20, 30, 40d) Subtract 2
5. 20, 18, 16, 14e) Add 10
Activity: Make Your Own Pattern

Use letters A, B, C to make a repeating pattern (at least 12 items):

Make a number pattern. Start at 4 and add 3 each time. Write the first 8 numbers:

What is the rule of your number pattern?

Make a shrinking pattern. Start at 30 and subtract 5:

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