Class 4 - Maths - Even and Odd Numbers

Learning Objectives

Review the rules for identifying even and odd numbers.
Discover what happens when we add two even numbers, two odd numbers, or one even and one odd number.
Discover what happens when we multiply even and odd numbers.
Understand that zero is an even number.
Sort numbers and find patterns using even and odd properties.

A Friendly Introduction

In Class 3, you learned that numbers ending in 0, 2, 4, 6, or 8 are even, and numbers ending in 1, 3, 5, 7, or 9 are odd. Now in Class 4, we will explore what happens when we add or multiply even and odd numbers. These rules will help you check your answers quickly and spot patterns in number puzzles.

Quick Review -- Even and Odd

A number is even if it can be divided into two equal groups with nothing left over. It is exactly divisible by 2.

A number is odd if dividing it by 2 leaves a remainder of 1.

Zero is even because 0 divided by 2 = 0 with no remainder.

Think: Is the number of players in a cricket team (11) even or odd?

Rules for Addition

Addition Rule	Result	Example
Even + Even	Even	12 + 8 = 20 (even)
Odd + Odd	Even	7 + 5 = 12 (even)
Even + Odd	Odd	6 + 3 = 9 (odd)

Example 1: Ravi has 14 marbles and Priya has 8 marbles. Is the total even or odd?

14 is even, 8 is even. Even + Even = Even. Total = 14 + 8 = 22 (even).

Example 2: Anu scored 15 runs and Meena scored 9 runs. Is the total even or odd?

15 is odd, 9 is odd. Odd + Odd = Even. Total = 15 + 9 = 24 (even).

Think: If you add three odd numbers, will the result be even or odd?

Rules for Multiplication

Multiplication Rule	Result	Example
Even x Even	Even	4 x 6 = 24 (even)
Even x Odd	Even	2 x 7 = 14 (even)
Odd x Odd	Odd	3 x 5 = 15 (odd)

Key idea: Whenever at least one number is even, the product is always even. The product is odd only when both numbers are odd.

Example 3: A classroom has 6 rows with 5 chairs in each row. Is the total number of chairs even or odd?

6 is even, 5 is odd. Even x Odd = Even. Total = 6 x 5 = 30 (even).

Key Words

Word	Meaning
Even Number	A number exactly divisible by 2 (ends in 0, 2, 4, 6, or 8)
Odd Number	A number that leaves remainder 1 when divided by 2 (ends in 1, 3, 5, 7, or 9)
Sum	The result of adding two or more numbers
Product	The result of multiplying two or more numbers
Remainder	The amount left over after division

Key Points to Remember

Even numbers end in 0, 2, 4, 6, or 8. Odd numbers end in 1, 3, 5, 7, or 9.
Zero is an even number.
Even + Even = Even. Odd + Odd = Even. Even + Odd = Odd.
Even x Any number = Even. Odd x Odd = Odd.
To check if a large number is even or odd, look only at the last digit.

Practice Questions

A. Fill in the Blanks

A number that is exactly divisible by 2 is called an number.
Even + Odd =
Odd + Odd =
Even x Odd =
Zero is an number.

B. Sort the Numbers

Sort these numbers into Even and Odd: 47, 120, 333, 508, 61, 0, 275, 1000

Even Numbers	Odd Numbers

C. Predict Even or Odd (Do Not Calculate)

24 + 36 = (even / odd)
13 + 27 = (even / odd)
18 + 5 = (even / odd)
9 x 7 = (even / odd)
8 x 11 = (even / odd)

D. Multiple Choice Questions

What is the sum of two odd numbers?
(a) Always odd(b) Always even(c) Sometimes odd(d) Cannot tell
Which of the following is an even number?
(a) 371(b) 999(c) 450(d) 123
Odd x Odd gives:
(a) Even(b) Odd(c) Zero(d) Cannot tell

E. Pattern Questions

Write the next three even numbers after 96: , ,
Write the next three odd numbers after 149: , ,
Aman says, "If I add 4 odd numbers, the answer is always even." Is he correct? Explain.

Fun Activity -- Even-Odd Number Hunt

Look at the house numbers on your street or the jersey numbers of your favourite cricket players. Write down 5 numbers you find and sort them into even and odd.

Number Found	Even or Odd?	Where Did You Find It?

Mathematics -- Class 4

Mathematics -- Class 4 (continued)