Maths
Time
Learning Objectives
- Name the days of the week in order.
- Name the 12 months of the year in order.
- Read o'clock and half-past times on a clock.
- Identify the hour hand and minute hand.
- Use words: morning, afternoon, evening, and night.
Let Us Begin!
Meena wakes up every morning at 7 o'clock. She goes to school on Monday. Her birthday is in July. Arjun watches his favourite cartoon at half past 5 in the evening.
We use time every day! We talk about hours, days, and months. A clock helps us know what time it is. Let us learn about time — days of the week, months of the year, and how to read a clock.
Days of the Week
There are 7 days in a week. They always come in the same order:
| Day Number | Day Name | What Happens |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Monday (सोमवार) | School starts |
| 2 | Tuesday (मंगलवार) | School day |
| 3 | Wednesday (बुधवार) | School day |
| 4 | Thursday (गुरुवार) | School day |
| 5 | Friday (शुक्रवार) | Last school day |
| 6 | Saturday (शनिवार) | Weekend — holiday! |
| 7 | Sunday (रविवार) | Weekend — holiday! |
After Sunday, Monday comes again. The days repeat in a cycle — just like a merry-go-round!
Months of the Year
There are 12 months in a year. They always come in the same order:
| No. | Month | Indian Festival / Event |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | January | Republic Day (26 Jan), Makar Sankranti |
| 2 | February | Saraswati Puja |
| 3 | March | Holi (Festival of Colours) |
| 4 | April | New school year begins |
| 5 | May | Summer holidays! |
| 6 | June | School reopens, monsoon starts |
| 7 | July | Rainy season |
| 8 | August | Independence Day (15 Aug), Raksha Bandhan |
| 9 | September | Teachers' Day (5 Sep), Ganesh Chaturthi |
| 10 | October | Durga Puja, Dussehra, Gandhi Jayanti |
| 11 | November | Diwali, Children's Day (14 Nov) |
| 12 | December | Christmas, Winter holidays |
Reading a Clock
A clock has two hands:
- The short hand (hour hand) — shows the hour.
- The long hand (minute hand) — shows the minutes.
O'Clock Time
When the long hand points to 12, we say "o'clock".
Examples:
Short hand on 3, long hand on 12 → 3 o'clock
Short hand on 7, long hand on 12 → 7 o'clock
Short hand on 12, long hand on 12 → 12 o'clock
Short hand on 3, long hand on 12 → 3 o'clock
Short hand on 7, long hand on 12 → 7 o'clock
Short hand on 12, long hand on 12 → 12 o'clock
Half Past Time
When the long hand points to 6, we say "half past".
Examples:
Short hand between 4 and 5, long hand on 6 → half past 4 (4:30)
Short hand between 9 and 10, long hand on 6 → half past 9 (9:30)
Short hand between 12 and 1, long hand on 6 → half past 12 (12:30)
Short hand between 4 and 5, long hand on 6 → half past 4 (4:30)
Short hand between 9 and 10, long hand on 6 → half past 9 (9:30)
Short hand between 12 and 1, long hand on 6 → half past 12 (12:30)
At half past, the short hand is between two numbers because it has moved halfway to the next hour!
Parts of the Day
| Part of Day | Time | What Indian children do |
|---|---|---|
| Morning | 6 am to 12 noon | Wake up, pray, eat breakfast, go to school |
| Afternoon | 12 noon to 4 pm | Eat lunch, rest, do homework |
| Evening | 4 pm to 7 pm | Play cricket/games, have snacks |
| Night | 7 pm onwards | Eat dinner, read stories, sleep |
Key Words
| Word | Meaning |
|---|---|
| Clock | A device that shows us the time |
| Hour hand | The short hand on a clock |
| Minute hand | The long hand on a clock |
| O'clock | When the minute hand points to 12 |
| Half past | When the minute hand points to 6 |
| Day | A period of 24 hours |
| Week | 7 days together |
| Month | About 30 days together |
| Year | 12 months or 365 days |
⭐ Key Points to Remember
- There are 7 days in a week and 12 months in a year.
- The short hand shows the hour. The long hand shows the minutes.
- Long hand on 12 = o'clock. Long hand on 6 = half past.
- The day has four parts: morning, afternoon, evening, and night.
- 1 hour = 60 minutes. 1 day = 24 hours.
- After December comes January again — months repeat in a cycle.
Practice Questions
A. Fill in the Blanks
1. There are days in a week.
2. The day after Monday is .
3. The 6th month of the year is .
4. When the long hand points to 12, we say .
5. We go to school in the . (morning / night)
6. The short hand on a clock is called the hand.
7. There are months in a year.
8. When the long hand points to 6, we say .
9. Independence Day is in the month of .
10. The day before Sunday is .
B. Choose the Correct Answer (MCQ)
1. How many months are in a year?
2. Which hand on a clock shows the hour?
3. What comes after Wednesday?
4. Diwali usually comes in which month?
5. What time does "half past 3" mean?
C. Short Answer / Word Problems
1. Write all 7 days of the week in order.
2. The short hand is on 5 and the long hand is on 12. What time is it?
3. Ravi eats dinner at 8 o'clock. Is it morning, afternoon, evening, or night?
4. Meena's cricket practice starts at half past 4. Draw the clock hands (or write the time in numbers).
5. Which month comes just before August? Which month comes just after August?
D. True or False
1. There are 10 months in a year.
2. The long hand shows the hour.
3. Saturday and Sunday are weekends.
4. January is the last month of the year.
5. Half past 6 means the long hand is on 6.
E. Match the Following
| Column A | Column B |
|---|---|
| 1. Short hand | a) 12 months |
| 2. Long hand on 12 | b) Shows the hour |
| 3. One year | c) Half past |
| 4. Long hand on 6 | d) O'clock |
| 5. One week | e) 7 days |
🎨 Activity: My Day Timetable
Write what you do at these times. Also write if it is morning, afternoon, evening, or night:
7 o'clock: _______________ (___________) 12 o'clock: _______________ (___________)
Half past 4: _______________ (___________) 9 o'clock: _______________ (___________)
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